Vocabulary # 4

1.       Adhering junction: Junction where a mass of anchored proteins help adjoining cells adhere.

2.       Adipose tissue: A connective tissue having an abundance of fat-storing cells.

3.       Blood  :Fluid connective tissue of water, solutes, and formed elements (blood cells, platelets).

4.       Bone tissue: Of vertebrate skeleton, a tissue of osteoblast secretions hardened with minerals.

5.       Cardiac muscle tissue: A contractile tissue that is present only in the heart wall.

6.       Cartilage: Connective tissue with solid, pliable intercellular material that resists compression.

7.       Dense, irregular connective tissue: Animal tissue with fibroblasts, many asymmetrically positioned fibers in ground substance. In skin and some capsules around organs.

8.       Dense, regular connective tissue: Animal tissue with rows of fibroblasts between parallel bundles of fibers. In tendons, elastic ligaments.

9.       Ectoderm: The first-formed, outermost primary tissue layer of animal embryos; gives rise to nervous system tissues and integument's outer layer.

10.   Endocrine gland: Ductless gland that secretes hormones, which the bloodstream distributes.

11.   endoderm:  Inner primary tissue layer of animal embryos; source of inner gut lining and derived organs.

12.   Epithelium: Animal tissue that covers external surfaces and lines internal cavities and tubes. One surface is free and the other rests on a basement membrane.

13.   Exocrine gland: Glandular structure that secretes products, usually through ducts or tubes, to a free epithelial surface.

14.   Gap junction   Cylindrical arrays of proteins in the plasma membrane that pair up as open channels for signals between adjoining cells.

15.   Gland cell: A cell that secretes products unrelated to their own metabolism for use elsewhere

16.   Homeostasis: State in which physical and chemical aspects of internal environment (blood, interstitial fluid) are being maintained within ranges suitable for cell activities.

17.   Internal environment: Blood + interstitial fluid.

18.   Loose connective tissue: Animal tissue with fibers, fibroblasts loosely arrayed in semifluid ground substance.

19.   Mesoderm: Primary tissue layer of all large, complex animals; gives rise to many internal organs and part of the integument.

20.   Nervous tissue: Connective tissue composed of neurons and often neuroglia.

21.   Neuroglia: Collectively, cells that structurally and metabolically support neurons. They make up about half the volume of nervous tissue in vertebrates.

22.   Neuron: Type of nerve cell; basic communication unit in most nervous systems.

23.   Organ : Body structure with definite form and function that consists of more than one tissue.

24.   Organ system: Organs interacting chemically, physically, or both in a common task.

25.   Skeletal muscle tissue: Striated contractile tissue that is the functional partner of bone.

26.   Smooth muscle tissue: Nonstriated contractile tissue found in soft internal organs.

27.   Tight junction: Cell junction where strands of fibrous proteins oriented in parallel with a tissue's free surface collectively block leaks between the adjoining cells.

28.   Tissue : Of multicelled organisms, a group of cells and intercellular substances that function together in one or more specialized tasks.